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Compared to most products, bio-pharmaceuticals require advanced shipping methods such as expedited delivery and temperature-controlled shipping due to their temperature sensitivity and biological properties (Freight Waves, 2018, National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2018). In 2019, the global bio-pharmaceutical shipping industry reached $15.7 billion, with sales of all temperature-controlled pharmaceuticals (the “cold chain”) expected to growContinue reading “Decentralizing the Cold-Chain: How Blockchain and IoT will Transform Bio-Pharmaceutical Shipping”